At a glance – Global warming and the El Niño Southern Oscillation
Posted on 2 April 2024 by John Mason, BaerbelW
On February 14, 2023 we announced our Rebuttal Update Project. This included an ask for feedback about the added “At a glance” section in the updated basic rebuttal versions. This weekly blog post series highlights this new section of one of the updated basic rebuttal versions and serves as a “bump” for our ask. This week features “Global warming and the El Niño Southern Oscillation”. More will follow in the upcoming weeks. Please follow the Further Reading link at the bottom to read the full rebuttal and to join the discussion in the comment thread there.
At a glance
This particular myth is distinguished by the online storm that it stirred up back in 2009. So what happened?
Three people got a paper published in the Journal of Geophysical Research. It was all about ENSO – the El Nino Southern Oscillation in the Pacific Ocean. ENSO has three modes, El Nino, neutral and La Nina. In El Nino, heat is transferred from the ocean to the atmosphere. In La Nina, the opposite happens. So within ENSO’s different modes, energy is variously moved around through the planet’s climate system, but heat is neither added nor subtracted from the whole. As such, in the long term, ENSO is climate-neutral but in the short term it makes a lot of noise.
The paper (link in further details) looked at aspects of ENSO and concluded that the oscillation is a “major contributor to variability and perhaps recent trends in global temperature”. First point, sure. Second point, nope, if you accept climate trends are multidecadal things, which they are.
That might have been the end of it had the authors not gone full-megaphone on the media circuit, promoting the paper widely in a certain way. “No scientific justification exists for emissions regulation”, they loudly crowed. “No global warming”, the denizens of the echo-chamber automatically responded, all around the internet. This is how climate science denial works.
Conversely, the way that science itself works is that studies are submitted to journals, peer-reviewed, then some of them get published. Peer review is not infallible – some poor material can get through on occasion – but science is self-correcting. So other scientists active in that field will read the paper. They may either agree with its methods, data presentation and conclusions or they may disagree. If they disagree enough – such as finding a major error, they respond. That response goes to peer-review too and in this case that’s exactly what happened. An error so fundamental was found that the response was published by the same journal. The error concerned one of the statistical methods that had been used, called linear detrending. If you apply this method to temperature data for six months of the Austral year from winter to summer (July-December), it cannot tell you that during that period there has been a seasonal warming trend. So what happens if you apply it to any other dataset? No warming! Bingo!
A response to the response, from the original authors, followed but was not accepted for publication, having failed peer-review. At this point, the authors of the rejected response-to-the-response started to screech, “CENSORSHIP” – and the usual blogosphere battles duly erupted.
It was not censorship. Dodgy statistical techniques were picked up by the paper’s highly knowledgeable readership, some of whom joined forces to prepare a rebuttal that corrected the errors. The response of the original paper’s authors to having their errors pointed out was so badly written that it was rejected. That’s not censorship. It’s about keeping garbage out of the scientific literature.
Quality control is what it’s all about.
Please use this form to provide feedback about this new “At a glance” section. Read a more technical version below or dig deeper via the tabs above!
In case you’d like to explore more of our recently updated rebuttals, here are the links to all of them:
If you think that projects like these rebuttal updates are a good idea, please visit our support page to contribute!
