That is the finding from a Shih et al. (2023).
Their first finding is that white bagging and brown bagging are not yet that common, with the exception of supportive care.
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However use of “bagging” does save money…for payers at least.
Adjusted mean insurance payments PPPM [per patient per month] were statistically significantly lower for drugs distributed under bagging vs buy and bill ($7405 [95% CI, $7111-$7700] vs $9547 [95% CI, $9471-$9622]; P < .001); …Adjusted mean and median OOP payment PPPM was higher for bagging practice vs buy and bill (mean: $315 [95% CI, $278-$351] vs $145 [95% CI, $141-$148];
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The full article is here.